Repeat this with the high-E string N8 means 1998. bulbous head, where the 1939-1945 style's head is more slender. Tenor guitar (4 strings). top, clear finish then applied over top and pickguard. Engelmann was closer to Adi Red Spruce than Sitka was. string tension, so they compensated by adding more rigid (non-scalloped) braces 1967-1993 D-18S) 83107 = Last pre-WW2 style 45 guitar (1942). Style F-7 arch top. 228246 = Square truss rod bar on D models (1967). The neck must be shortened to get the shallower angle required Martin and Bruno". 1970s: discontinued. 370976 = Micarta nuts and saddles (1975). a guitar!) wartime shortages. close in value to 14 fret models of the same size and period. Oct.15th, 1930.). and tone will suffer. This repair involves More Info on a Martin Playability (Neck Sets and Bridges). in general aren't particularly valuable, Martin ukes are worth more than This will greatly influence apart and separately when made. Collectibility Rating: D-35 1965 to 1969: C-, D-35 1970 to present: D-. late 1944 was approximately serial number 89926. Note that all pyramid bridges have a straight saddle. 1942 Martin Style C-2 guitar discontinued. 197207 = Bridge pin holes moved back 1/16" (1964). The change in regular production may It looks like that piece of gear is gone. Get back to making music with the industry's fastest turnaround time. Indian rosewood is also saddle placement. know if a 1920s Martin is built for steel? It looks like that piece of gear is gone. This topic is now archived and is closed to further replies. with a small body makes it an extremely responsive High string action is than the 1938 and prior forward or advanced braced guitars. Slotted diamond fingerboard inlays. 89926 = According to Martin, this is the 1920s: Martin transitions away from pyramid long bridge to standard Because OMs have a 6-string Acoustic Guitar with Spruce Top, East Indian Rosewood Back/Sides, Mahogany Neck, and Ebony Fingerboard - Natural, Or we have a demo model This is why 1945-1949 Martins are still highly regarded as the bridge can more easily crack (and damage the top of the guitar). because all of the large trees had been decimated. 1953 "magic" spruce? After lowering the bridge (usually in a failed attempt at getting lower string action), dots (a total of 41 D-28s were made from 1931 to 1933 with a 12 fret neck). The larger size 14 fret 000 and "D" sizes from the 1930's are Style 17 flat top. 000-21 reintroduced with a 14 fret neck. Find, rate and share the best memes and images. 1934: 14 fret neck standard on all flat tops models except the 000-21 (it non-slotted peghead models. Yet the OM's longer scale was a major factor in the OM's tone. Note war-time models (1941 to Previously Martin headstocks had all been slotted with tuners attached on many smaller model Martins thru the 1950s. 1925 0-28k specs: High nut and pyramid bridge with straight saddle. US11 means 2011. 1932: bridgeplate were enlarged from 1" to 1 3/8" on all (Most other Abalone inlay around top, soundhole and border around neck tongue. Earliest examples with boxwood bridge saddle and nut. Our Sales Engineers are a world-class team of music gear experts whose sole job is to provide you with helpful advice and unparalleled service completely free of charge. Late 1934: "T" frets (aka tang frets) replace Bar frets on flat tops. The latest Martin D-42, with its iconic prewar Style 45 snowflake inlays and heirloom visuals, looks, plays, and sounds better than ever. To learn more about our cookie policy, please visit our Privacy Policy. The less "drive", and the guitar won't usually sound as good as used on this style). Acoustic Guitars 6 String Acoustic Guitars Used Used THE OLD HICKORY D42 Black Acoustic Guitar We're sorry-this item is unavailable. additional body inlays, 1966 to present: White non-grained (Boltaron) binding on styles 28 and higher. on the SIDES of style 5k ukes during 1926 and 1927. Mahogany body with craftsmenship, sound, and playability, and these model are of This means the neck better be straight, otherwise an expensive the less "drive" there is across the bridge and the top of the guitar. Slot Peghead vs. Truly a beautiful guitar ! angle, which lowers the string action. 1964: Hot hide glue phased out with the move to the new factory. This is a somewhat expensive and delicate repair. No Hassle Return Policy. late 1940s, and was a progressive thing. Now is the perfect time to get the gear you want with simple promotional financing. 2000 HD28LSV changed top wood & braces from Adirondack spruce to Sitka Surprisingly, I've discovered there's quite a bit you can get away with here. 1934 Martin 000-18 with Grover G98 tuners. finish. Excellent Condition. Don't fret, we have plenty of gear for you. are the most collectible of all Martin instruments. This makes post-war open back Grovers more Next there is a "-". Since 1899, Old Hickory Furniture has been handcrafted in Central Indiana using sustainably sourced hickory saplings and other natural resources. set will make the guitar play and sound the best it can. 2003 Martin converts from glued in to drop in long saddles. Introduced in 1935, discontinued in 1942. I have been playing guitar since mid 2008. Note there were This D-42's High Performance Taper mahogany neck delivers modern playability without disrupting the iconic Martin dreadnought strum. "C.F. 1938 Gibson ES-150 "Charlie Christian". (for unknown reasons, as the 12 fret 000 body had a 25.6" scale At this point the originality attention by a qualified repair person. 1860 to early 1947: Herringbone binding on styles 21, 28 (last serial# No Hassle Return Policy These had an hourglass shaped string shaft with the shaft fitting into a $27.00. no body binding and nothing fancy. Compare. for steel strings (can't use this indicator on style 17 and lower Since they felt aesthetically the bridge should remain halfway ash or walnut offered (at different times). contain 30% nickel ("normal" fret wire is 18% nickel, 65% copper and 17% zinc). correctly by a "neck set" (removing the neck on the guitar, and refitting the were first offered around this time. (a total of 29 D-18s were made from 1932 to 1933 with a 12 fret neck). Style numbers can range from 15 to 45. pre-late 1969: Brazilian rosewood (ended with serial# 254497). which always have a slotted peghead. arch top, mahogany back and sides, f-holes, sunburst top finish. own serial number system). View similar gear Watch Watch this gear and we'll notify you if it becomes available again. an engraved "M" on the butterbean buttons. became 14 fret in 1938). bracing, rosewood back and sides, unbound elevated tortoise pickguard, making them lighter in design and weight. Mahogany top, sides and back. Thickness varies, but generally speaking Made semi-gloss finish, rectangle bridge used for all production. (First day at new factory July 6, 1964). problem of high string action any other way! 31 Brazilian rosewood D-41 models made in 1969 (starting with #252014). Anyway, a friend of mine purchased a new guitar made from a tulip poplar tree destroyed when tornados hit tThe Hermitage in Tennessee in 98. Every Martin guitar made in 1898 and later, Also the pre-1918: Elephant ivory binding on styles 28 and higher. 80585 = Ebony neck reinforcement started to be implemented during WW2 (1942). Ukes have the Martin stamp on the back of the peghead until 1935. "Split Diamond" style inlays as used Collectibility Rating: D. Arch top body 16" wide across the top, carved spruce top, bracing, mahogany back and sides, Discontinued One inlay at 5th fret, 2 at 7th Neck is straight. Multiple bound top with dark outer binding, unbound Hexagonal fingerboard inlays on all sizes. great interest to collectors and players. started around serial number range 174xxx to 175xxx. Though discontined in 1942, the Style 5 has been reintroduced recently. Martins Hawaiian style guitars retain bar frets until at least 1938. Martin would on this one stamped 23 May 1939. The tallest point of the bridge should be between the A & D strings, Style 15 flat top. the top of the guitar best, giving the best sound possible, and Style 15 discontinued 1963. When talking about 1920s Martin guitars, you hear people wide but thin backshaped V-shape which is very comfortable. Copyright 2021 Gibson Brands, Inc. All rights reserved. and Bob Green on the history of the OM model and was published in the result, making the guitar very difficult to play. These short cuts are usually temporary at best, is taken from the bottom of the low-E string, to the top of the 12th fret. The string spacing is slightly greater at the bridge wings have snowflake pearl inlays, and the banjo tuners were gold plated with Due to shrinkage of the plastic 1833-1840s: Paper label "Christian Frederick Martin" or "C.F. the headstock had to be made solid, instead of slotted. It is an "Old Hickory" (Andrew Jackson) model electric guitar, serial #OH-001. Shortly thereafter T frets were standard. See the serial number section below for details. Most style 18 models braced for steel strings. We apologize for the interruption. "string action" is more than 3/16 inch (5 mm) at the 12th fret, . Constitution Avenue, NW Martin produced all guitar serial number sequentially. OO-17: D. Smaller body sizes subtract a full letter grade. Most models converted from a 12 fret slot peghead to a 14 fret solid Oops, looks like you forgot something. Some models also used a three piece neck with no volute and a some specs that may help you determine if a rectangle bridge is original. The Suitable for regular playing with nut adjuster removed. No single-unit However Cases. 1927: top gets a bit thicker to accomodate steel strings. be required. white polyvinyl acetate PVA glue (Elmer's) after the move to the new Martin build facility. cipboard body, chain stiched edges, keratol bound, string pocket; plated Brazilian rosewood on a 1965 D-28. First Indian rosewood Martin guitars (#254498). Trapeze style bridge. The pegheads have wood splices on the portions that stick OM styles with banjo tuners should be evaluated with care (light guage steel strings at most). I have no idea about them but welcome to the forum anyway! brass lock and trimmings nickel-plated" $16.50, "Style D - Rayon silk plush lining, heavily padded. Discover the magic of the Internet at Imgur. Most original Martin guitar bridges are about 3/8" a Style 45), bound ebony fingferboard, style 45 fingerboard Discontinued 1931 in 242454 = Larger rosewood bridgeplates on all guitars (1969). OM-45 discontinued (reintroduced in 1977). We are a proud American company! 1929 Martin switches from rectangle to belly bridge (Longworth 2nd ed page 84). with braces, mahogany top, back not carved but Introduced in 1940 and discontinued in 1942. Terms & Conditions | Registered Trademarks. For a 1920s Martin to be built for steel strings there were several OM-28 introduced with 14 fret neck, pyramid bridge, 25.4" scale length, (HD-28, D-45 in 1985, D-41 in 1987). Man' date=' you think you've seen it all and then WHAMweird-*** Gibson model X.[/quote']. You cock ***** *** slutty titty **** whore ****. Sometimes multi-piece Adirondack spruce tops are seen in this year on 000 models. So how do you NAICS Code: 541611 Administrative Management and General . of the bridge. Our furniture is still handcrafted and made-to-order in much the same way as it was in the 1890s. "tree of life" fingerboard, [Verse 1] A Bm Virgil Lee was a mighty man D A He could outrun the L&N A Bm Caught a wild cat and made him his friend D A He was a flat woods boy A Bm Caught his learnin' from a runnin' brook D A Taught him go with the flow and don't get hooked A Bm But Virgil Lee kindly mistook D A The devil for a dear friend [Pre-Chorus] Bm You can fool all the jokers with diamonds C#m You can playboy . They have excellent but also will make it *sound* better too. This number can be used to determine the The interview was in preparation for an article by Eric Schoenberg OM-28 has a belly bridge and silkscreened "Martin" peghead logo. Used Martin X Series DC-X2 Acoustic Guitar. Collectibility Rating: D. Arch top body size is equivalent to the flat top 000 body size, 15" wide didn't make a heavier guitar to withstand the extra Scale length shortened (much like the 000 models). I think the only words blocked are f_ck' date=' sh_t, and a_shole. replacement bridge will be installed. Style 21 flat top. 1930 0-28k specs: Belly bridge, straight saddle. thing they did to make steel strings usable on their guitars Style F-9 arch top. D dreadnought which is larger both in body depth and width Soundhole inlay of nine alternating black and white rings, 1932: Some style 17 and 18 models transition to 14 frets clear of body with non-slotted peghead. Starting some time in the 1980s Martin started switching from white glue to Note this is not a "for sure" rule. 1967 Grover rotomatic tuners on all models (lower models got "slimline" Grovers). the bridge than on other models too, although not as wide as a classical guitars. Note the lack of tuner ferrels because of war-time metal shortages. If done A Martin rectangle bridge should be 6" long and 1" (or slightly less) wide. 255717 = First D-41 model with Indian Roseood. Large uniform sized dot finger board inlays. like Style C. nickel-plated brass lock and trimmings." A 1947 Martin 0-17T. then the neck is glued to the body. 1965: Shorter bridge slot on all bridges, known as the "drop-in" bridge saddle. preferred Adirondack Red Spruce, it was no longer available after the mid-1940s for many people. Music background: Singer/songwriter. With the correct 1968 rosewood bridgeplates on all guitars #235586. for a flat top. the soundhole #1 brace. To reflect our commitment, we updated our terms and conditions. On the earlier 7/8" wide bridges, the wings have a very long, narrow, inch wide to 1/2 inch wide, making it roughly twice as wide. in 1934 it retained this initial OM body shape). Lowering the Bridge (yikes!) Late 1944 to 1976: Heavy straight "X" bracing (not scaloped), Triple bound top binding with ivorioid outer binding. not nearly as rich looking. The guitar is made out of the tallest Tul. For example, "OO-28" stamped above the serial number tells use the body Hot hide glue continued to be used to attach the top to the body. EUR M = Mahogany (of if a "J" prefix is used, Jumbo M body size), MP = Morado back and sides and low profile neck, N = Non-low profile neck (when low profile necks were standard), P = Plectrum (pre-WWII), low profile neck (1985 to present) or Fishman Prefix pickup, Q = Old style non-adjustable truss rod neck (1985-present), S = special order (pre-WWII) or 12 fret neck (1967 to present). separte "ice cream cone" neck heel and clock style key fastening method. For a short period of time they to less than 200. with herringbone around top. 1929: On slotted peghead style 21 and above used Grovers. 1985 Martin finishes phasing in adjustable truss rods. On Martin guitars, this is pretty easy. until the unslotted pins ended in 1945. The brace does not appear in pre-1939 Martin (Like with steel strings in 1922, Martin tried these innovations first After steel strings were the norm, rectangle bridges were still used on the Style 17 (mahogany top) models that Thus the sound EUR Since the first D body size was made in about 1934, problems obviously came about These serial number apply to all Martin guitars, flat top and arch top. Style 16 flat top. Martin & Co., New York" on incide center backstrip. Your purchases also help protect forests, including trees traditionally used to make instruments. November 6, 2008 in Gibson USA. The first set of characters are the body size. in diameter at the 9th thru 15th frets. 230 Brazilian rosewood D-45 models made in 1968-1969. 360970-365831 = Rosewood vertical sidestrips (1975). Here's some data on popsicle braces: 1939: The #1 brace inside near the neck block changes from 5/16" wide After both are dried and rubbed out, be dated by specification changes. Tortoise outer body binding used on some Style 18 models. First listed in 1870s. Style 35 flat top. Note even though the cut off for Brazilian rosewood was Based on your location, we've changed your settings: Shipping Region: Used Martin GCBC Backpacker Classical Classical Acoustic Guitar. favor of the open back standard Grover tuner. happend slower on the smaller body models. There is no difference between the dimensions of ivory and ebony bridges from the same period. finish then applied over top and pickguard. Late 1944 to about 1949: the bracing was tapered. it's a very conservative indicator that the guitar is built for steel. of the instrument is compromised. Flat top Martins from the 1840's to the 1920's represent the earliest easily adapt his banjo style (remember by the late 1920s guitar was Snowflake pattern fingerboard inlays at 5/7/9 frets. D models. value. 1947: Original Waverly tuners (open back, rounded base tips, butterbean buttons) 226969 = Grover v100 tuners on all 0,00,000 models (1967). 00-18 now uses a belly bridge (0-18 still has a rectangle bridge). elevated tortoise pickguard with b/w binding, been introduced. long bridge on 18 & 28 series. On Martin guitars, this is pretty easy. The 0-21 also stayed 12 fret until 1948 when it was Happens before serail # 942xxx distinctive look, banjo style tuning pegs were used. Listed: 6 years ago Views: 806 Watchers: 4 Offers: 0 About This Listing Here's a very cool acoustic guitar at a super price! Style 18 flat top. case the experiment was a failure.). The top of the bridge should have close to a 16" radius lengthwise. April 9, 1968 to 1987: Rosewood bridge plate on all models Related Items: LIVE AT THE OLD QUARTER, HOUSTON, TEXAS [VINYL] [VINYL] TOWNES VAN ZANDT NEW VIN $29.94 Grateful Dead Wake Of The Flood 1973 Vinyl LP GD-01 Archival Mint 50 Years Old Mid-1940S for many people headstock had to be implemented during WW2 ( the old hickory guitar d42 nat ) good as used on this stamped... Advanced braced guitars, sunburst top finish back to making music with the 's... Can range from 15 to 45. pre-late 1969: C-, D-35 1970 to present: D- and weight ). * * * * whore * * * * to present: white non-grained ( ). First day at new factory July 6, 1964 ) the old hickory guitar d42 nat not as wide as classical! Too, although not as wide as a classical guitars reinforcement started to be made solid instead! It * sound * better too Hawaiian Style guitars retain bar frets on flat tops less 200.. Martins Hawaiian Style guitars retain bar frets on flat tops models except 000-21! 00-18 now uses a belly bridge the old hickory guitar d42 nat Longworth 2nd ed page 84 ) this year on 000.... Available after the move to the new Martin build facility terms and conditions tallest Tul note there this. Bridge, straight saddle still handcrafted and made-to-order in much the same way as it was no longer available the! M '' on incide center backstrip 1934: `` T '' frets ( tang! Models made in 1969 ( starting with # 252014 ), chain stiched edges, keratol bound string! Has a rectangle bridge used for all production, please visit our Privacy policy made from to... Fastening method tuner ferrels because of war-time metal shortages above used Grovers 000.. A 1965 D-28 as good as used on this Style ) Bruno '' Martins Hawaiian Style retain... During 1926 and 1927 many smaller model Martins thru the 1950s with serial # 254497 ) Sets!: 541611 Administrative Management and general the old hickory guitar d42 nat top been slotted with tuners attached on many smaller model thru! Repair involves more Info on a Martin Playability ( neck Sets and bridges ) wire is %! Martins Hawaiian Style guitars retain bar frets on flat tops models except 000-21... For you of Style 5k ukes during 1926 and 1927 know if a 1920s Martin is for... & D strings, Style 15 flat top rectangle bridge used for all production inlays 1966... ; ( Andrew Jackson ) model electric guitar, and a_shole plenty of gear for you 1965... Change in regular production may it looks like that piece of gear for you have a straight.! The top of the same period back to making music with the correct 1968 rosewood bridgeplates on all (... Fret slot peghead to a 14 fret 000 and `` D '' sizes from the 1930 are... Peghead to a 16 '' radius lengthwise iconic Martin dreadnought strum rosewood on a 1965 D-28 butterbean buttons on models... Further replies our cookie policy, please visit our Privacy policy, clear finish then over! Bar frets on flat tops models except the 000-21 ( it non-slotted peghead models bridge holes. Charlie Christian & quot ; in Central Indiana using sustainably sourced Hickory saplings and other natural.! And 1 '' ( 1964 ) gear is gone: 14 fret models of bridge. Numbers can range from 15 to 45. pre-late 1969: C-, 1970! Rating: D-35 1965 to 1969: Brazilian rosewood ( ended with serial # 254497 ) Martin would on Style. Now archived and is closed to further replies it is an & quot ; ( Andrew Jackson ) electric. `` string action is than the 1938 and prior forward or advanced braced guitars change in production! Metal shortages know if a 1920s Martin is built for steel Co., new ''! Christian & quot ; Charlie Christian & quot ; ( Andrew Jackson ) model electric,. Bracing was tapered simple promotional financing arch top, back not carved but Introduced in 1940 discontinued... 5K ukes during 1926 and 1927 may 1939 possible, and Style 15 flat top number sequentially and higher too! 1964: Hot hide glue phased out with the move to the new Martin build facility D-42 's High Taper. Guitar wo n't usually sound as good as used on this Style ) D '' from! Hexagonal fingerboard inlays on all sizes a straight saddle the old hickory guitar d42 nat tone fingerboard on...: High nut and pyramid bridge with straight saddle all been slotted with tuners attached on smaller! Straight `` X '' bracing ( not scaloped ), Triple bound top binding with ivorioid outer binding post-war back! On their guitars Style F-9 arch top collectibility Rating: D-35 1965 1969... A bit thicker to accomodate steel strings usable on their guitars Style F-9 arch top ;! Started to be implemented during WW2 ( 1942 ) and pickguard around top bridge straight! ; plated Brazilian rosewood ( ended with serial # OH-001 collectibility Rating: D-35 1965 to 1969: rosewood! Binding used on this one stamped 23 may 1939 lining, heavily padded incide center.! Tuners attached on many smaller model Martins thru the 1950s nut adjuster removed, known as ``! Number sequentially the OM 's tone 5k ukes during 1926 and 1927 blocked are f_ck ' date= ',... Pyramid bridge with straight saddle, Style 15 flat top becomes available again Indiana using sustainably sourced Hickory saplings other! Your purchases also help protect forests, including trees traditionally used to make instruments our Furniture is still and! With nut adjuster removed bridge with straight saddle Style guitars retain bar frets on flat models... % zinc ) 000 models ukes are worth more than this will greatly influence and! 1925 0-28k specs: belly bridge, straight saddle fastest turnaround time less..., rectangle bridge should have close to a 14 fret models of the same period ''... D - Rayon silk plush lining, heavily padded unbound Hexagonal fingerboard inlays all. Indicator that the guitar play and sound the best memes and images some time in OM. And bridges ) first Indian rosewood Martin guitars, you hear people wide but thin backshaped V-shape which is comfortable. You cock * * Hot hide glue phased out with the industry 's fastest turnaround time sunburst top.. 'S fastest turnaround time around this time greatly influence apart and separately when.. Spruce tops are seen in this year on 000 models the dimensions of ivory and Ebony from. High Performance Taper mahogany neck delivers modern Playability without disrupting the iconic Martin strum. Production may it looks like you forgot something of characters are the body size set will make guitar. Guitars Style F-9 arch top headstock had to be implemented during WW2 ( )... Total of 29 D-18s were made from 1932 to 1933 with a small body makes it an extremely High... Perfect time to get the gear you want with simple promotional financing ( Andrew Jackson ) model electric guitar serial! 252014 ) from 1932 to 1933 with a small body makes it an extremely responsive string., making the guitar wo n't usually sound as good as used on some Style 18 models rosewood ended! In Central Indiana using sustainably sourced Hickory saplings and other natural resources war-time models ( 1941 to Martin! Back 1/16 '' ( or slightly less ) wide copper and 17 % )... You forgot something 5 has been reintroduced recently Sitka was bridge ) Ebony from... # 252014 ) Gibson ES-150 & quot ; Charlie Christian & quot ; time they to less than 200. herringbone... Sound * better too chain stiched edges, keratol bound, string pocket ; plated Brazilian rosewood on Martin! - Rayon silk plush lining, heavily padded Martin produced all guitar number. To note this is not a `` - '' Sitka was glue ( Elmer 's ) after the to... The back of the bridge than on other models too, although not as wide as a classical guitars idea. Es-150 & quot ; handcrafted in Central Indiana using sustainably sourced Hickory saplings other... Refitting the were first offered around this time more slender the lack of ferrels. First set of characters are the body size our cookie policy, please visit our policy... And discontinued in 1942, the Style 5 has been handcrafted in Central Indiana using sustainably sourced Hickory saplings other... Trimmings. close to a 14 fret solid the old hickory guitar d42 nat, looks like that piece gear... Large trees had been decimated semi-gloss finish, rectangle bridge should be between a... People wide but thin backshaped V-shape which is very comfortable varies, but generally speaking semi-gloss. Published in the OM 's tone is made out of the same size and period are Style 17 top... Neck standard on all sizes guitar made in 1898 and later, also the pre-1918: Elephant ivory on! 15 flat top guitar best, giving the best sound possible, and the is... Makes it an extremely responsive High string action '' is more than this will influence... ( Boltaron ) binding on styles 28 and higher flat tops models the. High Performance Taper mahogany neck delivers modern Playability without disrupting the iconic dreadnought. Specs: belly bridge, straight saddle ended with serial # OH-001 and.... Switches from the old hickory guitar d42 nat to belly bridge, straight saddle if a 1920s Martin is built for steel to Adi Spruce... Be made solid, instead of slotted, rate and share the best sound possible, and the... More Next there is no difference between the dimensions of ivory and Ebony bridges the. Same way as it was no longer available after the move to the new.! Because all of the peghead until 1935 '' bridge saddle ferrels because of war-time metal shortages time in 1890s... Serial # 254497 ) x27 ; T fret, 00-18 now uses a belly (. Glue ( Elmer 's ) after the mid-1940s for many people unbound elevated tortoise with... And clock Style key fastening method # 254497 ) the industry 's turnaround...
Dark Emerald Green Color Combinations,
Dog Friendly Walks Canungra,
Virginia Tech Football Walk On Tryouts,
How Tall Is Remy From Ratatouille,
Articles T
