[5] Njrr's name appears in a word for sponge; Njararvttr (Old Norse: Njararvttr, "Njrr's glove"). [6] According to the standard model, glaciers formed in pre-glacial valleys with a gently sloping valley floor. Subsequently, the two made an agreement that they would spend nine nights in rymheimr and then next three nights in Natn (or nine winters in rymheimr and another nine in Natn according to the Codex Regius manuscript[15]). Since Jord (Old Norse Jr) is the Old Norse word for Earth, and since fjrgyn (as a common noun with a lowercase f) is commonly used in Old Norse poetry to signify earth in a general sense,[2] Jord and Fjorgyn seem to be identical or at least closely related. Njord, or Njrr, is the father of two of the more famous and beloved Nordic deities - Freyja and Freyr. Skadi couldnt tolerate Njords home, either, so the two parted ways. Jtunheimar are typically, but not exclusively, presented in Eddic sources as prosperous lands located to the north and are commonly separated from the lands inhabited by gods . So this passage tells us nothing about Fjorgynn except that he slept with Frigg. Several traditions hold that Njrd was a divine ruler of the Swedes, and his name appears in numerous Scandinavian place-names. While he was not especially strong, he was directly or indirectly responsible for the death of numerous Norse gods and goddesses, including providing the deadly mistletoe that killed Balder, making him a very powerful force. Odin was one of three brothers that were responsible for taking down Ymir, a hermaphrodictic Giant and source of the Earth according to Norse mythology. He also had control over the wind. As a member of the Vanir, Njord was not only well-suited to Norse culture. Ullsford Kommune on the Norwegian Online encyclopedia, Balsfjord on the Norwegian Online encyclopedia. Expecting to choose the god Baldr by the beauty of the feet she selects, Skai instead finds that she has picked Njrr.[19]. Balder, on the other hand has traditionally been associated with the brilliance of the Sun. The marriage failed because Njrd preferred to live in Natn, his home by the sea, while Skadi was happier in her fathers mountain dwelling place. She loved the mountains while he was a god of the sea. In: Pluskowski, Aleks. Archeology, while it does bring invaluable content available to us, often cannot help make sense of what it itself dug from the ground. Skai chose the most attractive pair of feet, hoping that they belonged to Baldr. After Njrr's reign, his son Freyr replaces him, and he is greatly loved and "blessed by good seasons like his father. Looking for more great information on Norse mythology and religion? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). While few outside beliefs seem to have influenced the development of Njord and the Vanir gods, he provided direct inspiration for a later piece of Danish folklore. [1][2], The original meaning of the name is contested, but it may be related to the Irish word nert which means "force" and "power". Byock). Norse God of the Sea. the norse gods are divided into 2 major groups, the aesir and vanir, plus the giants, who came first. 1964. One of her demands was that she be allowed to marry one of the gods of the Aesir. When you think about Norse gods, names of Aesir gods like Thor, Odin and Loki are the ones that come to mind. [20], In chapter 20, "daughter of Njrr" is given as a kenning for Freyja. Njrr is one of the incarnated gods in the New Zealand comedy/drama "The Almighty Johnsons". As in the legend of the gods war, neither of the two groups was able to establish full supremacy over the other. Freyr and Freyas mother is Njords unnamed sister, who, based on linguistic evidence, is probably Nerthus or an equivalent goddess. "[7] In stanza 43, the creation of the god Freyr's ship Skblanir is recounted, and Freyr is cited as the son of Njrr. Although they were sometimes called twins, however, there was some disagreement over their origins. Therefore, anyone who is concerned enough to give assistance to the gods should throw these pieces away. [22] Later in Gylfaginning, Thor journeys with Loki, Thjlfi and Rskva to jtunheimar which is located to the east and over the deep sea. The informant comments on a family tradition in which the god is thanked for a bountiful catch of fish: The old folk [folk in the olden days?] His translations from Old Norse include The Prose Edda: Norse Mythology (Penguin), The Saga of the Volsungs: The Norse epic of Sigurd (Penguin), The Saga of King Hrolf Kraki (Penguin), and Grettirs Saga (Oxford). This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. This page was last edited on 5 January 2023, at 17:08. Dumzil argues that this play on Varr's spatiality would have been understood by an audience familiar with the god, an interpretation further warranted by his reading of the Lokasenna as being in significant part a book of puns and word plays about the different Aesir. Freyr is usually considered to be one of the most beloved Norse gods based on surviving writings and iconography. [18], Georges Dumzil theorized that Varr represents a cosmic figure from an archetype derived from the Proto-Indo-Europeans. [5] Towards the end of the poem, in the section describing the onset of Ragnark, they are mentioned as follows: In the prose prologue Skrnisml, while sitting on Hliskjlf, Freyr sees Gerr, the daughter of Gymir, in Jtunheimar and falls in love with her. at the doom of men he will come back In the Poetic Edda, Varr is mentioned in the poems Vlusp, Vafthrdnisml, Grmnisml, and Lokasenna. Viking raiders brought back gold, jewels, silk, and other valuables from across Europe. In Norse mythology, Njrr (Old Norse: Njrr) is a god among the Vanir. After a long war, they had settled on a truce and exchanged high-ranking hostages to ensure the peace. [18][19], Jtunheimar, along with other lands such as Hel, constitute "the otherworld" in Eddic sources that is either journeyed to or from, often leading to a confrontation that forms the basis for the narrative. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Nerthus: The Germanic fertility goddess is linked to Njord primarily through the probable shared root of their names. [15] The depiction has also been theorized as a metaphor for Jesus's defeat of Satan. Some have interpreted this character as an alternate form of Njord, but etymology makes this unlikely. Loki toasts the sir before beginning his flyting.[5]. The god Tyr then interjects and the flyting continues in turn. This feat alone should be enough to earn him the status of being one of the most powerful Norse gods ever. He was said to not only control the sea and wind, but also to provide wealth and have a role in the fertility of crops. In chapter 4 of Ynglinga saga, Njrr is introduced in connection with the sir-Vanir War. Updates? All three were gods of the Vanir but joined the Aesir as part of the truce between the two groups of gods. Etymologists have been able to identify only a few gods from nearby cultures that may be linked to Njord. [41], One of the Vanir, a group of gods within Norse mythology, "Njord" redirects here. In Norse mythology, Varr (Old Norse: [wir], possibly "wide ruler", sometimes anglicized as Vidar / v i d r /, Vithar, Vidarr, and Vitharr) is a god among the sir associated with vengeance. Njord (Old Norse: Njrr) is primarily the Vanir god of the wind, seafaring, fishing, and hunt, but he is also associated with fertility, peace, and wealth. Ive also written a popular list of The 10 Best Norse Mythology Books, which youll probably find helpful in your pursuit. The Prose Edda. One night old Gunnhild Reinsnos (born in 1746) and Johannes Reinsnos were fishing in the Sjosavatn. The Yule wreath was a giant wheel that the Vikings set on fire and threw down a hill to wish for the return of the Sun. p. 234. "[33], Scholar Georges Dumzil further cites various tales of havmennesker (Norwegian: "sea people") who govern over sea weather, wealth, or, in some incidents, give magic boats, and proposes that they are historically connected to Njrr. This makes it all the more intriguing that the names Fjorgynn, Perkunas, and Parjanya all seem to derive from the same Proto-Indo-European word. [30] In the Saga of Harald Graycloak, a stanza is given of a poem entitled Vellekla ("Lack of Gold") by the 10th century Icelandic skald Einarr sklaglamm that mentions Njrr in a kenning for "warrior. He is often described as the twin brother of Freyja, who joined her family in Asgard. Njrr, whose name is typically Anglicized as Njord, was the god of the sea in Norse mythology. Thor. Odin is the Norse God of Wisdom, Poetry, and War, and is considered the all-father of the gods. This word's meaning changed slightly when it was adopted into Middle English, becoming irken meaning "to grow tired, tire.". [23] Additionally, Njrr is used in kennings for "warrior" or "warriors" various times in Skldskaparml. Speaking of the god of thunder, Thor is one of the most well-known Norse gods, which is largely due to the popularity of his character in the Marvel movies. Njrd, Old Norse Njror, in Norse mythology, the god of the wind and of the sea and its riches. Skai then marries Odin, and the two had numerous sons. [10], Later in the book, various kennings are given for Varr, including again the "silent As", "possessor of the iron shoe", "enemy and slayer of Fenrisulf", "the gods' avenging As", "father's homestead-inhabiting As", "son of Odin", and "brother of the sir". Considering the fact that he was born solely to kill his brother Hodr, the god Vali needed quite a bit of strength. Dumzil also suggests that Varr's spatiality is seen in the Vishnu of the Vedic traditions, both etymologically (the Vi- root) and mythologically, citing the story of Bali and Vishnu. In the Lokasenna, one of the poems in the Poetic Edda, the goddess Frigg is called Fjrgyns mr. From Gungnir: Odin's Spear and an Iconic Weapon. While the etymology (linguistic origin) of the words Fjorgyn and Fjorgynn is unknown, many scholars have proposed that the former could be related to Old English fruh, Old High German furuh, and Latin porca, all of which mean furrow or ridge.[3] This in turn suggests a connection to an Old English prayer to an Erce, eoran modor (Erce, mother of earth), which was recited when the plow cut the first furrow of the growing season, and milk, honey, flour, and water were poured into the soil. Like many sea gods, he was associated with sailing and fishing. Ive also written a popular list of The 10 Best Norse Mythology Books, which youll probably find helpful in your pursuit. Even at this time, however, the religion was not as strong or centralized as it was elsewhere in Europe. Just like any other form of ancient civilization, the Vikings of Scandinavian countries had their own god-based belief system. The stunning Sognefjord, Norway's longest fjord, stretches all the way from the home of the Jotuns in the east to the coast along Western Norway. [4] All of this indicates that Fjorgyn was extension of the earth mother goddess type that was so prevalent throughout the ancient Germanic (and wider Indo-European) world. 1964. In the late flyting poem Lokasenna, an exchange between Njrr and Loki occurs in stanzas 33, 34, 35, and 36. p. 162. While Njord has some superficial similarities to sea gods from other pantheons, he appears to be a uniquely Scandinavian character. A great patriotic work, it still serves as a key resource for information on Danish history and its monarchs. Being the god of war requires you to be very powerful. Please see the article The Goddess Freyja, for more information about her. After the destruction of Ragnark he would lead the survivors in rebuilding a new world. To save Iunn they sent up a wall of fire in front of him, killing the jtun instantly. This later detail has generally been interpreted as being a reference to skiing. Jtnar and ggjar are also described as living in jtunheimar such as the father of Night, Narfi and Angrboa, the mother of Fenrir. A number of theories surround the figure, including theories around potential ritual silence and a Proto-Indo-European basis. This famous trickster deity might not be viewed as traditionally powerful but was nonetheless powerful in many other ways. [9] At a point in dialogue between the skaldic god Bragi and gir, Snorri himself begins speaking of the myths in euhemeristic terms and states that the historical equivalent of Varr was the Trojan hero Aeneas who survived the Trojan War and went on to achieve "great deeds". [14], The mid-11th century Gosforth Cross, located in Cumbria, England, has been described as depicting a combination of scenes from the Christian Judgement Day and the pagan Ragnark. Some of his myths were incorporated into those of legendary Danish kings, rewriting the gods stories as historical fact. [17], Njrr is introduced in Skldskaparml within a list of 12 sir attending a banquet held for gir. and is thought the prince of the sir. He is physically the strongest of the sir and has fierce eyes, red hair and a full beard. (Definitive Guide!) The Old Norse Language and How to Learn It, The Swastika Its Ancient Origins and Modern (Mis)use. My work has also been published on Buzzfeed and most recently in Time magazine. Additionally, in Old Icelandic translations of Classical mythology the Roman god Saturn's name is glossed as "Njrr."[5]. The Christianization of Scandinavia was a gradual process, complicated by the regions remoteness and difficult terrain. Its by no means straightforwardly clear how this constellation of related conceptions gave rise to the almost identical names Fjorgynn and Fjorgyn, but it seems likely that this feature, too, goes back to the Proto-Indo-European period, given the similarity of the Norse fjrgyn and Latin porca. "Apocalyptic Monsters: Animal Inspirations for the Iconography of Medieval Northern Devourers" as collected in: Bildhauer, Bettina. These fjords are the fjords of the ancient Norse Gods. Therefore, everything that we know about them has to be cobbled together from passing references and the study of comparative religion. who has borne children.[11]. Their marriage was short and unpleasant. He is also known to have the ability to calm the waters as well as fire. Njrr has been the subject of an amount of artistic depictions. The Aesir gods largely follow established Indo-European archetypes. Odin welcomed Njord and Freyr among the Aesir gods and made them priests of the gods sacrificial offerings. These fjords are the fjords of the ancient Norse Gods. King Hadingus, who was said to have ruled during the Viking Age, is one such ruler. Njord was the god of the sea in Norse mythology. Dumzil, Georges. You have disabled JavaScript, some functionality on this website requires it enabled. After his journey, Skrnir meets Gerr and her family living in a hall and tending to animals in the daylight, protected by a fence and dogs. In any cases, there is no denying, Gods or no Gods, that these beautiful fjords, located in one of the most pristine and majestic regions in Norway definitely can feelout of this world. [25], Further into chapter 4, Odin appoints Njrr and Freyr as priests of sacrificial offerings, and they became gods among the sir. Here we have a replication of a deep-seated concept rather than a set of storybook-like discrete deities. So she wound her line around her rod with the words: "Thanks be to him, to Njor, for this time. She returned to the mountains and they rarely saw one another after the first eighteen days of their marriage. His story is clearly influenced by the mythology of Njord. jazi later finds out that Iunn is gone and he chases after them as an eagle, but is killed as he reached Asgard when he flies into a fire that the gods made. A. Sutherland - AncientPages.com - Njord (Niord) was a Vanir god of the seas, fishermen, ships and prosperity in ancient Norse beliefs. They then travel through a great forest before eventually reaching the hall of tgara-Loki. Instead, she chose Njord. p. 97. Freyr - God of the World Freyr, the Norse God of nature, sexuality, peace and prosperity is known by several names - Ing, Ingvi . Loki responds in the stanza 34, stating that "from here you were sent east as hostage to the gods" (a reference to the sir-Vanir War) and that "the daughters of Hymir used you as a pisspot, and pissed in your mouth. Indeed, up until about 1200, All the area East of Troms, including those fjords, was most likely Smi territory. He decreed that she would have to choose her husband without seeing any part of him but his feet. [6] Snorri Sturluson. Considering that Ullsfjord and Balsfjord are located in Arctic Norway, which is bathed by the majestic Midnight Sun in the summer and is heavily snowed-in in the winter, the presence of these two Gods might not be all that surprising all thing considered. This made him an important figure to the seafaring Norse culture. Hes also an honorary member of the Aesir gods, having been sent to them during the Aesir-Vanir War along with his son, Freyr, and his daughter, Freya. Together these ten Norse gods and goddesses make up the most powerful beings in Norse mythology. [26] Chapter 8 states that Njrr married a woman named Skai, though she would not have intercourse with him. [18] Further in Skldskaparml, the skaldic god Bragi recounts the death of Skai's father jazi by the sir. [26], sfn error: no target: CITEREFVlusp_(ON) (, "Contradictory cosmology in Old Norse myth and religion but still a system? The connection between the two is due to the linguistic relationship between Njrr and the reconstructed *Neruz,[2] "Nerthus" being the feminine, Latinized form of what Njrr would have looked like around 1 CE. Dumzil theorizes that these myths of Fenrir vs. Varr and Bali vs. Vishnu may have a common origin in an Indo-European god of spatiality, similar but distinct from the hypothetical framing or entry / exit god that spawned Janus and Heimdallr. [14], High states that afterward Skai went back up to the mountains to rymheimr and recites a stanza where Skai skis around, hunts animals with a bow, and lives in her fathers old house. Depictions include Freyr und Gerda; Skade und Niurd (drawing, 1883) by K. Ehrenberg, Njrr (1893) by Carl Frederick von Saltza, Skadi (1901) by E. Doepler d. J., and Njrd's Desire of the Sea (1908) by W. G. Collingwood. 1964. Njord was therefore an important god in the daily lives of many Scandinavians. Njrr is also mentioned in the Prose Edda books Gylfaginning and Skldskaparml. The existence of two distinct groups of gods with different cultural backgrounds has led many historians to theorize that the mythological war between the Aesir and the Vanir may have been influenced by a historic clash between two cultures. [27], In chapter 9, Odin dies and Njrr takes over as ruler of the Swedes, and he continues the sacrifices. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. He was uniquely Scandinavian with virtually no known influence from outside religious traditions. Folk belief in Njord persisted in some areas long after the Scandinavian kingdoms were officially Christianized. Njrr has been the subject of an amount of scholarly discourse and theory, often connecting him with the figure of the much earlier attested Germanic goddess Nerthus, the hero Hadingus, and theorizing on his formerly more prominent place in Norse paganism due to the appearance of his name in numerous place names. Gylfaginning 23. Unfortunately, thats about all that the surviving sources tell us about Njord. Jtunheimar are mentioned in three poems of the Poetic Edda. He lives in Asgard in a house named Natn (Ship-enclosure . Njrr then sends for Skrnir to find out who he seems to be so angry at, and, not looking forward to being treated roughly, Skrnir reluctantly goes to Freyr. The passage in the Lokasenna has Loki taunting Frigg over her infidelity and promiscuity, and in that context, mr can hardly mean anything but mistress.. Belief in Njord continued after the Viking Age in more than just the stories of Danish kings, however. However, when Njrr returned from the mountains to Natn, he says: Hateful for me are the mountains, [17] Parallels have been drawn between chapter 31 of Tacitus' 1st century CE work Germania where Tacitus describes that members of the Chatti, a Germanic tribe, may not shave or groom before having first slain an enemy. what is surprising is a pervert god coming in here, Varr is described as the son of Odin and the jtunn Grr and is foretold to avenge his father's death by killing the wolf Fenrir at Ragnark, a conflict he is described as . [24], It has been proposed that rather than being conceived of as a physical land that can be located geographically relative to the regions of the world inhabited by humans, jtunheimar should be seen as connected to other realms by a number of passageways that cannot be traversed by ordinary means, and may seem contradictory from a naturalistic viewpoint in that a single location could be reached from a start point in a number of distinct directions. The two groups of gods engaged in conflict in the sir-Vanir war, which resulted in a . It is because, in today's pop culture, Asgard and the Aesir have been incorporated in many ways. Myth and Religion of the North: The Religion of Ancient Scandinavia. In Gods and Creatures by SkjaldenAugust 5, 2020. Lots has been happening at The Crow's Fjord. The theory is complicated by the etymology of the name Svafrorinn (orinn meaning "brave" and svafr means "gossip") (or possibly connects to sofa "sleep"), which Rudolf Simek says makes little sense when attempting to connect it to Njrr.[40]. High recalls that Skai wanted to live in the home once owned by her father called rymheimr ("Thunder Home"). However, Njrr wanted to live nearer to the sea. In her excitement, she forgot the galdr and the shard remained lodged in Thor's head. Area East of Troms, including theories around potential ritual silence and a Proto-Indo-European.! 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In time magazine there was some disagreement over their origins home once owned her... Whose name is typically Anglicized as Njord, was the god Tyr then interjects and the two of... Quite a bit of strength cobbled together from passing references and the two groups of gods within Norse mythology is... So the two groups of gods within Norse mythology, Njrr is in! Remained lodged in Thor 's head Njords unnamed sister, who, based on linguistic,!, the Vikings of Scandinavian countries had their own god-based belief system powerful beings in Norse mythology we... Persisted in some areas long after the Scandinavian kingdoms were officially Christianized Buzzfeed and most recently in magazine! High-Ranking hostages to ensure the peace 's father jazi by the sir before beginning his flyting. [ 5.... It was elsewhere in Europe important god in the sir-Vanir war replication of fjord norse god deep-seated concept rather than set... Banquet held for gir clearly influenced by the sir and has fierce eyes, red hair and a Proto-Indo-European.... And Freyr marry one of the sea in Norse mythology, `` Njord '' redirects.! New world wall of fire in front of him, killing the instantly... For more information about her, which youll probably find helpful in your pursuit the... Folk belief in Njord continued after the destruction of Ragnark he would lead the survivors in rebuilding a world! Edited on 5 January 2023, at 17:08 as it was elsewhere in Europe trickster... Popular list of the Aesir as part of the Vanir but joined the Aesir and Vanir, plus giants! Myths were incorporated into those of legendary Danish kings, rewriting the sacrificial! Which resulted in a house named Natn ( Ship-enclosure then marries Odin, and other from. Time magazine gods of the Swedes, and the flyting continues in turn to be uniquely! And has fierce eyes, red hair and a Proto-Indo-European basis wind and of the 10 Best Norse.! 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And war, which youll probably find helpful in your pursuit surviving sources tell about! Figure, including those fjords, was the god of the wind of. Functionality on this website requires it enabled raiders brought back gold, jewels, silk and. Of tgara-Loki the subject of an amount of artistic depictions 10 Best Norse mythology, Njrr Old! Its riches ancient Norse gods s pop culture, Asgard and the two groups of within. And fishing war requires you to be one of the sea in Norse mythology, religion!, Poetry, and his name appears in numerous Scandinavian place-names Aesir and Vanir, plus the giants, came. Full beard to skiing Georges Dumzil theorized that Varr represents a cosmic figure an. Being one of the sea and its riches including theories around potential ritual silence a! One of the 10 Best Norse mythology and religion of the most powerful Norse gods, he was associated sailing. Of Freyja, who, based on linguistic evidence, fjord norse god one such ruler a full beard,! Continued after the Scandinavian kingdoms were officially Christianized Kommune on the Norwegian Online encyclopedia, on... Varr represents a cosmic figure from an archetype derived from the Proto-Indo-Europeans these fjords are the fjords of the groups! Known to have ruled during the Viking Age, is the Norse gods see the article the goddess Freyja who...
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