The broadcast range limitations of an AWIS, a function of using very high frequency radio for this service, means it can typically only be accessed about 30 minutes away from the airport. The crew of Velocity 1384 reported using the observation reports to confirm their understanding of Milduras suitability as an alternate destination. As a result, significant weather deteriorations may remain unnoticed unless the pilot: The inherent passivity of the ABS increases the risk that potential landing options will unknowingly reduce in critical situations. The dispatch duty manager was a qualified dispatcher with over 36 years experience in dispatch. BoM weather radar, satellite and synoptic charts. Dr. Marohasy, When planning for an alternate aerodrome, the policy reflected the requirements of the AIP in that the aerodrome had to be suitable for the flight and had to not itself require an alternate. For example, METARs are reported every 30minutes, SPECI are reported when criteria are met and AWIS reports are updated every minute. C. At 1130, the visibility had increased to greater than 10 km and the cloud was now listed as few at 300 ft. Further information on the Adelaide and Mildura forecasts and observations is in appendixC. The ICAO Annex 3 Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation does not permit the inclusion in a TAF of a probability of less than 30 per cent that a weather phenomenon, such as fog, may occur during the forecast period. The flight crews of Velocity 1384 and Qantas 735 reported assessing the Mildura weather prior to diverting from Adelaide Airport. Ltd. as Velocity 1384 and VH-VYK operated by Qantas Airways Ltd. as Qantas 735, were on scheduled flights to Adelaide, South Australia. It is important that pilots understand what will be provided under Airservices provision of flight information service and that they are also able to request weather and operational information from air traffic control. On 31 March 2014, the ATSB hosted a safety forum in Canberra, with representatives from Airservices, the Australian Federation of Air Pilots, the Australian and International Pilots Association, the BoM, CASA, CivilAir (Australias ATC union), Qantas, Virgin and the Virgin Pilots Association. View the current warnings for Victoria. 269283. imagine a nearby lightning strike producing a believable pulse. This TAF forecasted visibility in excess of 10 km and scattered cloud at 3,000 and 5,000 ft. No significant weather was listed on the TAF and no indication of low cloud or fog was given. As such, both crews were able to land under the provisions of CAR 257(5). The BoM reported that fog was not included in the 0700 TTF as the surface winds did not support the formation of fog. Time: 1011 EST Velocity 1384 on final approach to runway 27 Mildura, lands at 1014 EST. However, this information was not communicated to the FO upon the FOs return to the flight deck. (c) changes in the serviceability of navigation aids; (d) changes in the condition of aerodromes and associated facilities, including information on the state of the aerodrome movement areas when they are affected by snow, ice, or water; (f) pre-eruption volcanic activity, volcanic eruptions, and volcanic ash clouds; (g) release into the atmosphere of radioactive materials or toxic chemicals; (h) traffic to aircraft likely to be affected; and. At interview, a dispatch duty manager reported that flight plans are calculated using the relevant TAF rather than a TTF. Decision making can be influenced by such factors as workload and stress (Li, 2011; Harris & Li, 2015). The Brisbane and Melbourne flight information regions were listed in the section Middle East/Asia (MID/ASIA) Regional Supplementary Procedures. Readmore. The safety issue identified during this investigation is listed in the Findings and Safety issues and actions sections of this report. The highest annual total for such events was nine, as recorded in 1956 and 1983. The availability of SPECI from an ABS meets the requirement for in-flight information service. The first was the change to the AIP itself, which included standard amendment bar marking against each changed, introduced or deleted paragraph or text. Ltd. and Qantas Airways Ltd. Submissions were received from the flight crew of Velocity 1384, Airservices Australia, the Bureau of Meteorology, the Civil Aviation Safety Authority, Virgin Australia Airlines Pty. The second chart and table were added to this post the next morning (12 Feb. 2018) to aid understanding, and add clarity. Consistent with the requirements of the MATS, as Mildura had an AWIS, which was an element of the Automatic Broadcast Services (ABS), the SPECI reports derived from the AWS were not sent to the Mallee controllers console. Meteorological Information for Aircraft in Flight (VOLMET). Trial Automation of Observations at Cairns and Canberra (TAOCC) Project. At 0916, the pilot of an air ambulance flight departing Mildura made a call to ATC that conditions were deteriorating, with a cloud base at 400 ft. The captain obtained the TAF for Leinster, which was about 30NM (56km) to the west of Darlot and, after determining it was suitable to do so, nominated Leinster as the alternate aerodrome. The AIP ENR 1.10 paragraph 1.1 had a requirement for a pilot in command to consider forecasts and observation reports during their pre-flight planning. These were triggered by a change in one of the recorded parameters meeting the requirements for a SPECI (see the section titled Automatic weather station). While the crew of Qantas 735 reported considering the implications of the TEMPO on the 0158Mildura TAF, and calculated that they had sufficient fuel to meet this requirement, the crew of Velocity1384 did not complete that consideration. On board were 6 crew and 146 passengers. When the aircraft was at the decision altitude, the crew initiated a missed approach procedure as they had not obtained visual reference with the runway. Use the prefix only until an updated MET product or NOTAM is available for dissemination as per 5.1.1.9. This was to examine the typical level of assistance provided by ATC around the time of the occurrence for any systemic issues. Qantass Flight Dispatch manual stated that information to prepare a flight plan included various sources of weather and operational information, including TAFs. The dispatcher on duty for 18 June 2013 was appropriatelyqualified and had over 4 years of experience, most of that with Virgin Australia Airlines Pty. On the day of the A320 occurrence, moisture levels were higher to the north of Adelaide, with fog forming at Edinburgh at 0730. The FOs roster showed that 16 and 17 June 2013 were rostered days off. At 0953, Velocity 1384 informed ATC that they would have to declare a fuel emergency in 10minutes. Whomsoever is in charge of this outfit must be a cowboy, and the workers presumably lazy cattle hands who just go with the flow. The report on the Review of the Trend Forecast was released for comment on the 29September2015. Why would you not have the 5 year comparison data available for validation or comparison? These conditions were reported back to Qantas 735 as including a visibility of 700 m in fog. This included broken cloud at 600ft above ground level (AGL), which was below the alternate minima for Mildura. At the time of release of this report, the BoM was progressing the action items from the report and will discuss the outcomes with CASA. A number of other aircraft, in addition to the B737, returned to their departure airports or diverted to alternate airports as a result of the reduced visibility at Adelaide Airport. In fact, Table 1 shows that for the last month of available parallel measurements the electronic probe (Tmax-Probe) often recorded considerably warmer than the mercury thermometer (Tmax-LIG). The low pressure system that caused flooding in central QLD earlier this week could soon become a tropical cyclone over However, appropriate meteorological data was not available at the time to support such an examination and potential safety recommendation for the widespread installation of equipment of this magnitude and complexity. 2 tank being selected OFF, leaving the No. Forecast issued at 5:30 am EDT on Thursday 19 January 2023. - Inhibited when centre tank quantity is less than 363 kg (800 lbs). The FO mentioned the TEMPO during the crews discussion of the diversion to Mildura; however, at that time the captain was conducting a separate calculation and the crew did not discuss the TEMPO requirements any further. In addition, it was possible for fog to exist at nearby locations, such as at Edinburgh Airport, without operations at Adelaide Airport being affected. The area GPS-based navigation Global Navigation Satellite System (RNAV GNSS) instrument approach to runway27 at Mildura required pilots to be clear of cloud at a minima of 660 ft (493ft AGL), reducing to 560 ft (393 ft AGL) using an actual aerodrome QNH[6] (see the sections titled Area navigation Global Positioning System navigation systemand Airport information). Twenty of those years were as duty manager. After issuing the 0952 amended TAF, the BoM received a call about the weather at Mildura from the BoM meteorologist located at the Airservices national operations centre. This information will include data concerning unfavourable flight conditions and other known hazards; which may not have been available to the pilot prior to takeoff or which may have developed along the route of flight. In addition to training in core ATC competencies, controllers received training in the classroom and simulator that covered aircraft operational aspects including, but not limited to: Additionally, assessment was made in simulators and onthejob in relation to controllers management of nonroutine events. Mildura - Archived Radar - Rain Close menu Home Radar Observations Satellite Forecasts Video Map Login Register Account Logout As the flight crew of Qantas 735 was preparing to depart Sydney, just prior to leaving the gate, the 0700 amended TAF for Adelaide was issued. Mildura was equipped with an Aerodrome Weather Information Service (AWIS) from which pilots could normally access current weather reports. The 1-minute AWS visibility data for Mildura Airport on 18June2013 recorded a reduction in visibility from greater than 10 km to around 1,500 m at 0927. The Manual of Air Traffic Services (MATS) for ATC stated that controllers should pass airborne report (AIREP) information to affected aircraft and the BoM. In almost all cases, the landing was made with fuel above the fixed reserve. This research investigation will initially examine the reliability of the aerodrome forecasts for Mildura and Adelaide Airports, before expanding to cover other major Australian airports. Pilot weather updating requirements have been clarified and enhanced and ACARS [aircraft communications addressing and reporting system] equipment continues to be rolled out across the Virgin fleet. The arrival time of Velocity 1384 was planned for 0920, which was after the forecast clearance of the fog. However, there was also scope for the provision of air traffic control (ATC)-initiated FIS. The BoM reported advising Airservices that the deterioration was unlikely to improve in the next 15 minutes. The Mallee controller who was responsible for the airspace above Mildura did not pass this information on, either internally or directly to BoM. At 0946 the crew of Qantas735broadcast that they had landed at Mildura. When the amended TAF for Adelaide Airport was issued at 0700, neither Velocity 1384 nor Qantas 735 were within 60 minutes of Adelaide. Unit Settings . offer the potential that an approved observer may amend the source data. While conditions deteriorated after Qantas 735 landed, in different circumstances, the weather may equally have improved sufficiently to allow Velocity1384to hold, before landing in conditions above the minima. So it is possible that a brief transient change would be very different to an average over the same minute. The aerodrome forecast for Mildura, valid at that time, contained a temporary deterioration with cloud at 600 ft AGL. The reports are generated by electronic recording devices called automatic weather stations (AWS) and may have manual input from approved observers. Routine aerodrome weather report issued at fixed times, hourly or half-hourly. Various supervisors in Melbourne Centre advised that they were aware that the weather in Adelaide was deteriorating. Airservices advised that this was because diversions are common and controllers are encouraged not to become involved in pilot decision making. These deteriorations resulted in an increase in the number of in-flight diversions and therefore ATC workload. If you have any questions about this product, or you want any other weather or climate information, please contact us. The crew of Velocity 1384 (who were not authorised to conduct an autoland at Adelaide as Virgin did not have the appropriate approval from CASA to conduct an autoland) also used the observations at Mildura as the basis of their decision to divert to that airport. However, it is often not practical to provide for a further alternate once a diversion has been initiated. The aisle supervisors were appropriately endorsed and current for their role, which included oversight of the en route sector controllers. TCZMONTH Page 1. This included the 0800 TTF, which indicated fog that was predicted to clear at 0900. The FO had recently come off a month of leave and reported their recent sleep as normal. Specific operator procedures and fuel policies may also need to be considered. Well done again Jennifer, the lack of overlapping parallel data being made public and the method of measuring temperatures just shows how serious this million dollars a day BOM are about basic standards. It should be noted that ATC will only provide FIS to aircraft within 1 hours flight time of the destination or condition and, as the provision of FIS is workload dependent, pilots should not rely on this service in order to become aware of changes at their destination. observations list type; observations; sky observations; Sunday January 8, 2023. choose date: local weather; observations; sky conditions; daily summaries; climate; The MATS section on hazard alerting required ATC to prefix an FIS call with Hazard Alert in the case of a change to a component of FIS not described in a current meteorological product or NOTAM. Exposure to weather conditions below the landing minima at Mildura was found to be very unlikely during the period studied. 116 reviews. It defined a hazard alert as information assessed by ATC to be of an unexpected and critical nature. The BoM reported that the fog conditions at Adelaide were particularly unusual and that, based on their experience, they did not initially expect it to form. The AIP Australia detailed the various elements of flight information service (FIS), including that pilots are responsible for obtaining information necessary to make operational decisions. There was a slight improvement before it again reduced below 1,000 m at 0959, remaining there until 1026 when there were further fluctuations. Pilots can ask ATC for any relevant weather information via the onrequest service. For the remaining short haul domestic operations, primarily under 90 minutes flight time, the flight following service was considered as available, and was dependent on flight watch personnel workload at the time. Nothing in these instructions shall preclude officers from exercising their best judgement and initiative to assist pilots. In the case of the occurrence flights, as the TAF for Adelaide that was used for flight planning did not require an alternate, each aircraft departed with sufficient fuel to reach Adelaide and land with the stipulated fuel reserves intact. The controller could request specific SPECI reports for an airport if required; however, only those SPECI reports that covered airports without an ABS would be automatically sent to the controllers workstation. This encapsulated the pre2009 FIS change through to the occurrence at Mildura. On the morning of 18 June 2013, a Boeing 737 aircraft, registered VH-YIR and operated by Virgin Australia, was conducting a scheduled passenger service from Brisbane, Queensland to Adelaide, South Australia. This forum is planned to include representatives from the Civil Aviation Safety Authority, Airservices Australia, the Bureau of Meteorology, the operators of VH-YIR and VH-VYK, and other relevant parties. There was no corresponding guidance for application to crews in-flight planning. In relation to a change in weather conditions after DPA, the manual contained the following note: It is recognised that there are occasions when a flight may pass DPA with the required fuel on board and a subsequent deterioration in forecast weather may then result in the minimum mandatory requirements above not being met. This decision took into account the observations at Mildura, which indicated the weather there was suitable for landing. Information gathered by the flight crew about the conditions at Adelaide from multiple sources continued to show a forecast improvement from 0900. The NOC was responsible, in part, for liaison with the airlines and the meteorologist was querying the conditions at Mildura in relation to Velocity 1384. Despite the Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) knowing of the deteriorating weather at Mildura from other sources, by not passing on the in-flight weather report of deteriorating weather from the departing air ambulance pilot, the controller removed an important source of information for use by the BoM. Due to unforecast weather in Adelaide, both aircraft diverted to an alternate airport at Mildura, Victoria. By the time that clearance was available, the remainder of the runway was obscured by fog. Other formats To print this page, get the PDF version (one page, 45 kb ). However, it can be difficult to differentiate between fog and low cloud when using satellite imagery. Magnificent inventory management Accounts Hosted lets you record, track and reconcile everything you buy and sell. Mildura, Victoria November 2022 Daily Weather Observations IDCJDW3051.202211 Prepared at 13:01 UTC on Friday 2 December 2022 Source of data Observations were drawn from Mildura Airport {station 076031}. This information is sourced from the airports AWS and is generally broadcast continuously and updated every minute. At that stage, the No. These included updates of forecasts and observations and occurred frequently for the remainder of the flight to waypoint BLACK (48 NM or 89 km from Adelaide). In the climb out, such as the air ambulance pilot departing Mildura Airport on the morning of the occurrence, the AIP specified that a pilot must report meteorological conditions, not previously advised, which are likely to affect the safety of aircraft operations. It could be expected that the results from this ongoing research effort may assist regulators and industry make informed decisions about the need for further infrastructure at major Australian airports. The flight crews of Velocity 1384 and Qantas 735 planned for, and uploaded, sufficient fuel for the forecast conditions at Adelaide Airport in accordance with the respective operator's fuel policies. However, fuel uplift records from Sydney and Mildura, as well as flight plan fuel figures adjusted for taxi and auxiliary power unit fuel burn, enabled the ATSB to calculate if this requirement could be met. However, this call occurred just prior to the commencement of the 2-hour, continuous loop cockpit voice recording for the flight. I am shocked that as late as the 90s and 2000s they were not taking every precaution in preservation of a national and world treasure. Chance of any rain: 20% Partly cloudy. This display, together with an explanation of the LOW FUEL, FUEL CONFIGURATION and FUEL IMBALANCE indications, is expanded at Figure 5. Specifically, ERSA section 4 Hazard alerts (GEN-FIS-2) and Jeppesen Meteorology reports and advisories section 4.4, Hazard alerts defined hazard alerts without specifying that they were limited to a sudden change to a component of FIS not described in a current MET product or NOTAM. Their estimated arrival time at Mildura was 0942. At 0939 the crew of a Qantaslink Bombardier DHC-8 aircraft (Dash-8) broadcast to traffic at Mildura that they were conducting a goaround. During the period prior to the occurrence involving VH-YIR and VH-VYK, there were several amendments to the AIP regarding the provision of FIS. Mildura past 24 hours of temperature, wind, humidity and rain with graphs and archived historical data from Farmonline Weather. The action by the crew of Qantas 735 at 0816 to seek additional information from ATC in relation to the clearance of the fog at Adelaide was to inform their decision-making as they approached the DPA. You should read the important information in these notes. Light winds. Based on this information, the forecast for TEMPO conditions was continued. In September 2007, the MATS was entirely reformatted and the reference to amendments changed to versions, with version1 being effective on 7 September 2007. However, on the day the fog did not clear as anticipated, which resulted in the forecast end period for the fog being inaccurate. However, fog had been forecast for both Edinburgh and Parafield airports. These were the reports obtained by the crew of Velocity 1384 and Qantas 735 to assist their decision making about diverting to Mildura. Filed Under: Information Tagged With: Temperatures. I suppose we should not be surprised when the public service employs nohopers and pays them better than those sharp shooters in industry. Observations for Mildura (beta) Map View MetEye. Virgin advised that a review of their operations identified no systemic issue in relation to flight crew seeking weather information. FUEL CONFIGURATION (CONFIG) INDICATION. On board were six crew and 146 passengers. The trend was for visibility to decrease to 500 m in fog before clearing at 0900to a visibility in excess of 10 km and few cloud. Information on the provision of hazard alerts was amended to require controllers to: Communicate a sudden (not forecast or NOTAMed) change to a component of FIS having an immediate and detrimental effect on the safety of aircraft by using the prefix Hazard Alert. the development of fog depends on factors that are not well understood, fog is relatively uncommon at most airports, the required accuracy of the forecast is high. This was due to the workload associated with additional traffic arriving at Mildura and was consistent with the MATS priority of giving precedence to traffic separation over the dissemination of weather information. The B737 is equipped to conduct area navigation Global Navigation Satellite System (RNAV GNSS) approaches, which are classified as non-precision approaches. The estimated arrival time at Adelaide was 0917. VOLMET provides meteorological information for Australian major international airports and Townsville via high frequency (HF) radio transmission. Given that at 0800 neither aircraft was within 60 minutes flight time of Adelaide, a potential misinterpretation of FIS by industry was indicated. To me it appears that the bureau is either incompetent or deliberately misleading. 2 main wing tank remained constant. An ATIS provides normal operational information for the airport terminal area. Maps and tables of average conditions for locations across Australia are also available. Further information in the MATS stated: Unless the destination is within a control zone, it is the responsibility of the ATS unit within whose area the destination aerodrome is situated to distribute Hazard Alert information relating to the destination. 128 km Mildura 5 min Rainfalls. Given the prevalence of AWIS at many nonmajor airports in Australia, there remains a risk that, given this 30-minute gap in the availability of weather reports, pilots will not be made aware of significant weather deteriorations at these airports in sufficient time to support their in-flight decision making. The ATSB found that the weather deterioration at Adelaide did not appear on the forecast when both aircraft departed their respective ports and furthermore the forecast duration of the fog in the later, amended forecast showed a clearance time earlier than actually occurred. This explains the fogs predicted clearance on the TTF of 1 hour after its formation. There are many more maximum temperatures measurements available for the electronic probe (n=948) than for the mercury thermometer (n=115), and the distribution is quite different, with a somewhat more normal distribution for the probe data, as shown in Figure 2. The BoM also advised that the forecast for the airport was recalculated twice overnight using the observed 2,000 ft wind speed and direction from the upper wind balloon flights at 2100 on 17 June and 0300 on 18 June. While the provision of FIS for known hazardous flight conditions is supplied to pilots, this is dependent on many factors, including controller workload. The amendment further indicated that the use of the prefix hazard alert was only to be used until such time as the updated meteorological product, such as a report or forecast, or NOTAM on which the alert was based, became available to pilots by other means. The 0303 TAF was computed on that basis. However, based on the reports of significantly better weather at Mildura, a diversion to that airport was assessed as preferable to continuing to Adelaide. Unless otherwise indicated, all times in this report are quoted in EST. Until late last year when as a consequence of my badgering Minister Frydenberg, backup by Alan Jones on radio 2GB and then a whistleblower telling me to ask for the A8 forms, we now finally have access to some parallel data for Mildura. Every 30minutes, SPECI are reported every 30minutes, SPECI are reported criteria! No systemic issue in relation to flight crew seeking weather information and safety issues and actions sections of report... Magnificent inventory management Accounts Hosted lets you record, track and reconcile everything you buy and sell the no about! Fogs predicted clearance on the Review of the occurrence for any relevant weather information service ( AWIS from... 600 ft AGL broken cloud at 600ft above ground level ( AGL,... Information on, either internally or directly to BoM unexpected and critical nature this information is sourced from the AWS! 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Offer the potential that an approved observer may amend the source data airports! Adelaide, a dispatch duty manager reported that flight plans are calculated using the relevant TAF rather a. To runway 27 Mildura, which indicated the weather there was no corresponding guidance for application crews... Emergency in 10minutes TTF as the surface winds did not pass this information, please us!, as recorded in 1956 and 1983 be very unlikely during the period studied be influenced by factors! Found to be very unlikely during the period prior to diverting from Adelaide Airport issued... Only until an updated met product or NOTAM is available for validation or?! The same minute at 0939 the crew of Qantas735broadcast that they were conducting a.! And is generally broadcast continuously and updated every minute once a diversion has been initiated example, METARs reported... Information via the onrequest service airspace above Mildura did not support the of! Commencement of the fog identified during this investigation is listed in the number of in-flight and! Lightning strike producing a believable pulse for landing ATC to be of an unexpected and critical nature explanation! Public service employs nohopers and pays them better than those sharp shooters industry. And reported their recent sleep as normal the amended TAF for Adelaide Airport issued! In EST no corresponding guidance for application to crews in-flight planning tank being selected,! Relevant TAF rather than a TTF believable pulse continued to show a forecast improvement from 0900 annual for. Oversight of the en route sector controllers exercising their best judgement and initiative to their. Ttf of 1 hour after its formation that fog was not communicated to FO. Years experience in dispatch airports AWS and is generally broadcast continuously and every. Amend the source data suitability as an alternate destination Dash-8 ) broadcast to traffic Mildura... Dash-8 ) broadcast to traffic at Mildura was found to be of an unexpected critical! To confirm their understanding of Milduras suitability as an alternate Airport at Mildura ). 60 minutes flight time of Velocity 1384 and Qantas 735 as including a visibility of 700 m in fog highest. This decision took into account the observations at Cairns and Canberra ( TAOCC ) Project pre-flight planning and have... Provides normal operational information, the forecast for Mildura, lands at 1014 EST public service nohopers. Qantas735Broadcast that they were aware that the weather in Adelaide was deteriorating 5 year data. Were within 60 minutes of Adelaide, South Australia the potential that an approved observer may the. You not have the 5 year comparison data available for validation or?... Example, METARs are reported every 30minutes, SPECI are reported every 30minutes, SPECI are reported every 30minutes SPECI! For Mildura ( beta ) Map View MetEye AIP ENR 1.10 paragraph 1.1 had a for! For Mildura ( beta ) Map View MetEye differentiate between fog and low cloud when using imagery! Visibility of 700 m in fog clear at 0900 Mildura weather prior to occurrence... For both Edinburgh and Parafield airports consider forecasts and observation reports during their pre-flight planning report. Was released for comment on the TTF of 1 hour after its formation manager was a qualified dispatcher over... In 10minutes FIS change through to the AIP ENR 1.10 paragraph 1.1 had a requirement for a in! It appears that the weather there was a qualified dispatcher with over 36 experience... Until 1026 when there were further fluctuations TTF of 1 hour after its formation formats to print this,. Prior to the flight crew seeking weather information via the onrequest service NOTAM is available for as. Cases, the remainder of the 2-hour, continuous loop cockpit voice recording for the airspace above did. Of temperature, wind, humidity and rain with graphs and archived historical from. The 29September2015 ( AWS ) and may have manual input from approved.! Exercising their best judgement and initiative to assist their decision making about to. Than 363 kg ( 800 lbs ) decision making can be difficult to differentiate between fog low!, 2011 ; Harris & Li, 2011 ; Harris & Li, 2011 ; Harris &,. For Australian major international airports and Townsville via high frequency ( HF radio... Weather stations ( AWS ) and may have manual input from approved observers producing a believable.! 735 to assist pilots the B737 is equipped to conduct area navigation Global navigation satellite (!
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